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Commiphora africana (A.Rich.) Engl.

Protologue  
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Family  
 Burseraceae
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Synonyms  
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Vernacular names  
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Origin and geographic distribution  
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Uses  
 Auxiliary plants Carbohydrates Dyes and tannins Essential oils and exudates Fibres Forages Fruits Fuel plants Medicinal plants Ornamentals Timbers Vegetables
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Properties  
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Description  
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Other botanical information  
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Growth and development  
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Ecology  
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Propagation and planting  
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Diseases and pests  
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Yield  
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Breeding  
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Prospects  
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Major references  
 โ€ข Adam, J.G., Echard, N. & Lescot, M., 1972. Plantes mรฉdicinales Hausa de lโ€™Ader. Journal dโ€™Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquรฉe 19(8โ€“9): 259โ€“399.
โ€ข Adjanohoun, E.J., Adjakidjรจ, V., Ahyi, M.R.A., Akรฉ Assi, L., Akoรจgninou, A., dโ€™Almeida, J., Apovo, F., Boukef, K., Chadare, M., Cusset, G., Dramane, K., Eyme, J., Gassita, J.N., Gbaguidi, N., Goudote, E., Guinko, S., Houngnon, P., Lo, I., Keita, A., Kiniffo, H.V., Kone-Bamba, D., Musampa Nseyya, A., Saadou, M., Sodogandji, T., De Souza, S., Tchabi, A., Zinsou Dossa, C. & Zohoun, T., 1989. Contribution aux รฉtudes ethnobotaniques et floristiques en Rรฉpublique Populaire du Bรฉnin. Agence de Coopรฉration Culturelle et Technique, Paris, France. 895 pp.
โ€ข Adjanohoun, E.J., Ahyi, M.R.A., Akรฉ Assi, L., Dan Dicko, L., Daouda, H., Delmas, M., de Souza, S., Garba, M., Guinko, S., Kayonga, A., N'Golo, D., Raynal, J. & Saadou, M., 1985. Mรฉdecine traditionnelle et pharmacopรฉe - Contribution aux รฉtudes ethnobotaniques et floristiques au Niger. Agence de Coopรฉration Culturelle et Technique, Paris, France. 250 pp.
โ€ข Allen, D.J., 2007. A traveler's guide to the wildflowers and common trees of East Africa. Nairobi, Kenya. 248 pp.
โ€ข Arbonnier, M., 2000. Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones sรจches dโ€™Afrique de lโ€™Ouest. CIRAD, MNHN, UICN. 541 pp.
โ€ข Beentje, H.J., 1994. Kenya trees, shrubs and lianas. National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. 722 pp.
โ€ข Bekele-Tesemma, A., 2007. Useful trees and shrubs for Ethiopia: identification, propagation and management for 17 agroclimatic zones. Technical Manual No 6. RELMA in ICRAF Project, Nairobi, Kenya. 552 pp.
โ€ข Burkill, H.M., 1985. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition. Volume 1, Families Aโ€“D. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. 960 pp.
โ€ข Burkill, H.M., 2000. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition. Volume 5, Families Sโ€“Z, Addenda. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. 686 pp.
โ€ข Chikamai, B.N., Githiomi, J.K., Gachathi, F.N. & Njenga, M.G., undated. Commercial timber resources of Kenya. Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI), Nairobi, Kenya. 164 pp.
โ€ข Coates Palgrave, K., 1983. Trees of southern Africa. 2nd Edition. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa. 959 pp.
โ€ข Grace, O.M., Prendergast, H.D.V., Jรคger, A.K. & van Staden, J., 2002. Bark medicines in traditional healthcare in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: an inventory. South African Journal of Botany 69(3): 301โ€“363.
โ€ข Heine, B. & Heine, I., 1988. Plant concepts and plant use; an ethnobotanical survey of the semi-arid and arid lands of East Africa. Part 1. Plants of the Chamus (Kenya). Cologne Development Studies 6. Breitenbach, Saarbrรผcken, Germany. 103 pp.
โ€ข Heine, B. & Heine, I., 1988. Plant concepts and plant use; an ethnobotanical survey of the semi-arid and arid lands of East Africa. Part 3. Rendille plants (Kenya). Cologne Development Studies 8. Breitenbach, Saarbrรผcken, Germany. 120 pp.
โ€ข Inngjerdongen, K., Nergรฅrd, C.S., Diallo, D., Mounkoro, P.P. & Paulsen, B.S., 2004. An ethnopharmacological survey of plants used for wound healing in Dogonland, Mali, West Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 92: 233โ€“244.
โ€ข Jansen, P.C.M., 1981. Spices, condiments and medicinal plants in Ethiopia, their taxonomy and agricultural significance. Agricultural Research Reports 906. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, Netherlands. 327 pp.
โ€ข Johns, T., Faubert, G.M., Kokwaro, J.O., Mahunnah, R.L.A. & Kimanani, E.K., 1995. Anti-giardial activity of gastrointestinal remedies of the Luo of East Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 46: 17โ€“23.
โ€ข Katende, A.B., Birnie, A. & Tengnรคs, B., 1995. Useful trees and shrubs for Uganda: identification, propagation and management for agricultural and pastoral communities. Technical Handbook 10. Regional Soil Conservation Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. 710 pp.
โ€ข Kokwaro, J.O., 1993. Medicinal plants of East Africa. 2nd Edition. Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi, Kenya. 401 pp.
โ€ข Maundu, P., Berger, D., Saitabau, C., Nasieku, J., Kipelian, M., Mathenge, S., Morimoto, Y. & Hรถft, R., 2001. Ethnobotany of the Loita Maasai. Towards community management of the forest of the Lost Child. Experiences from the Loita Ethnobotany Project. UNESCO People and Plants Working Paper 8, Paris, France. 34 pp.
โ€ข Neuwinger, H.D., 2000. African traditional medicine: a dictionary of plant use and applications. Medpharm Scientific, Stuttgart, Germany. 589 pp.
โ€ข Newmark, W.D., 2001. Conserving biodiversity in East African forests: a study of the eastern arc mountains. Ecological Studies 155. Springer, Berlin, Germany. 197 pp.
โ€ข Omolo, O.J., Chhabra, S.C. & Nyagah, G., 1997. Determination of iron content in different parts of herbs used traditionally for anaemia treatment in East Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 58: 97โ€“102.
โ€ข Ruffo, C.K., Birnie, A. & Tengnรคs, B., 2002. Edible wild plants of Tanzania. Technical Handbook No 27. Regional Land Management Unit/ SIDA, Nairobi, Kenya. 766 pp.
โ€ข van Wyk, B.E. & Gericke, N., 2000. Peopleโ€™s plants: a guide to useful plants of southern Africa. Briza Publications, Pretoria, South Africa. 351 pp.
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Other references  
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Afriref references  
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General importance
Geographic coverage Africa
Geographic coverage World
Vegetables
Dye and tannins use
Ornamental use
Forage/feed use
Fruit use
Timber use
Carbohydrate/starch use
Auxiliary use
Fuel use
Medicinal use
Essential oil and exudate use
Fibre use
Climate change
Food security



Commiphora africana
COMMIPHORA (Commiphora africana)
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